Emerging technologies have altered contemporary terrorism significantly by reducing radicalisation timespans, lowering the average age of would-be radicals, shifting recruitment and narrative dissemination to digital platforms, and making women’s roles more prominent. Two trends in particular have underpinned these rapid transformations: 1) the slowly diminishing salience of extremist groups and ideologies and 2) the growing role of individuals (read lone actors) and personal grievances in radicalisation. These two trends do not cut uniformly across various geographies and conflict zones ...