RSIS Assoc Prof Pradumna B Rana and research fellow Xianbai Ji noted that in light of pushbacks and criticisms during the BRI’s first five years, China has pledged reform. This could lead to the emergence of a BRI 2.0. If China implements these reforms effectively and cooperation with development partners and stakeholder countries increases, this new BRI 2.0 will be better positioned to lead to shared prosperity for all participants.