This is a co-authored book project that will examine the challenges arising from radical Islamist terrorist and insurgent groups operating in China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Russia. It will analyse the state and regional responses to such violence. More specifically, the book will cover developments from 1990s to the present time, thereby focusing on the era from the revival of Islam in Central Asia, to the rise of new generation of Islamist fighters in the Middle East.