This volume covers the following three broad themes for 2025’s terrorism landscape: significant global developments and trends; notable operational trends and developments; and the enduring salience of a holistic, integrated approach in dealing with violent extremism. A notable event was Israel’s sustained military campaign against Hamas in Gaza, that extended further into the Middle East. Israel severely degraded the militant group Hezbollah in Lebanon, including via tactically innovative “pager explosions” targeting its leaders. Offensives were also maintained against Hezbollah remnant ...